Hurricane Matthew, which struck the southeastern US in early October of 2016, was no ordinary weather disaster. Although this storm will probably not go down in history competing with the infamous reputations and death tolls of Katrina or Sandy, its destruction and aftereffects have still not completely abated — several weeks after the storm passed! Matthew may well become infamous in its own right as the storm with the longest-lasting flooding, and over a vast area.

Most people who do not live in the Carolinas have little idea that the destruction is still impacting that zone. They may have read about the storm in the papers, may have seen the incredible rescue videos on TV, but now they assume that the situation has come under control. This is very far from the truth! A full two weeks after Hurricane Matthew passed through, there were some areas that were still experiencing the type of severe flooding that one would expect during the storm, not many days later.

This image shows the amount of rainfall dropped by Hurricane Matthew over the life and track of the storm. IMERG real time data covering the period from Sept. 28 through Oct. 10, 2016 show rainfall from Hurricane Matthew before and after its interaction with a frontal boundary. Matthew caused extreme rainfall in North Carolina resulting in over 20 inches (508 mm) of rain. Credits: NASA/JAXA, Hal Pierce

Here is how this storm came to tear through the Carolinas:

Hurricane Matthew formed off the coast of Africa in late September. It started as a routine tropical storm, but organized itself into a tight knot and gathered strength over the Atlantic until it had intensified into a furious Cat 5 monster of a hurricane, with winds estimated at an incredible 160 mph. Luckily, the storm weakened a bit before slamming into Haiti, where it nevertheless caused hundreds of deaths and a massive humanitarian crisis that will take many years for recovery.

After raking across Haiti, the storm plowed through the northern half of Florida, across Georgia, and then set upon the Carolinas. It is here where many factors collided to produce conditions of hellish and lingering devastation. Firstly, the unimaginable volume of water was mind-boggling: some areas recorded more than a foot of precipitation, which was added to an extremely dangerous storm surge that joined forces with a naturally-occurring high tide — all of which produced a veritable nightmare along the coasts. Fortunately, authorities were able to provide timely warnings of Matthew’s approach, and mandatory evacuation orders saved an untold number of lives. The recommended evacuation zone in South Carolina was for all residents living within a full 100-miles from the coast! In spite of preemptive measures, mandatory evacuations, and early declarations of emergency, 46 people still lost their lives in the US.

After Hurricane Matthew had finished its slow path across the Carolinas, it skirted through part of Virginia and then headed back into the Atlantic. However, the aftereffects of the storm continued to plague storm victims through mid-October and beyond. Millions of residents were left without power, many people who needed emergency services died when help could not arrive, rescues numbered in the thousands, livestock drowned, and countless buildings were swept away. The incredible amount of precipitation from the hurricane storm was augmented by other, lesser storms that moved into the area directly after the hurricane, at a time when the sodden ground was incapable of further absorption. Dams and sea walls that had failed or collapsed during the hurricane released more and more water into the ravaged region. The main interstate highway, I-95, which connects and serves the entire East Coast, was closed with detours of over 100 miles in some areas! In what will clearly illustrate the scope of this disaster, authorities expected that some stretches of this vital highway would remain closed for weeks.

Hurricane Matthew, as devastating as it was, might have been worse in the US if it had struck at its full intensity. Even so, the flooding and water damage will likely cost in the neighborhood of $5.2 billion, and will earn it a place among the worst of the worst.

Source:: FloodBarrierUSA

Hurricane Matthew is now long gone, having swept through the Caribbean and the southeast U.S. coastal zone in early October. But the damage and financial impact of this storm is far from resolved, and early estimates indicate that the storm may be one of the most expensive disasters on record, with estimates of damages in the neighborhood of $10.6 billion. This puts Hurricane Matthew among the top ten most expensive storms in modern history.

This image shows the amount of rainfall dropped by Hurricane Matthew over the life and track of the storm. IMERG real time data covering the period from Sept. 28 through Oct. 10, 2016 show rainfall from Hurricane Matthew before and after its interaction with a frontal boundary. Matthew caused extreme rainfall in North Carolina resulting in over 20 inches (508 mm) of rain. Credits: NASA/JAXA, Hal Pierce

Hurricane Matthew slammed the US coastline after inflicting utter devastation in the Caribbean, especially in Haiti, which was already reeling from a series of natural disasters and epidemics that have weakened the vulnerable island nation. Financial experts estimate that had Matthew struck the US coast with the same intensity that it hit Haiti, the economic damages might have reached $2 trillion. At full strength, Hurricane Matthew was a terrifying Cat-5 storm, and it left a massive trail of death and destruction in its wake. Although the power of the storm had lessened before it made landfall in the US, it nevertheless inflicted loss of life, tremendous suffering, and severe financial loss across a wide swath of the southeastern coast.

Surprisingly, this severe financial loss is something that is increasingly being debated by economists. At first glance, it may seem extremely obvious that hurricanes and similar natural disasters inflict long-lasting damage to the economy. However, a growing opinion among financial experts maintains that just the opposite may be true: that these storms in many cases end up being a wash, or may even have a positive impact on the economy when all factors are weighed in the final analysis. These experts maintain that severe storms may actually inject new vitality into the economy by creating jobs, replacing the outdated infrastructure that was destroyed by the storm, and by stimulating new investment and business opportunities during the reconstruction phase of the disaster.

A new study, however, has debunked this theory. Two economists, Solomon Hsiang of Berkley and Amir Jina of Columbia, recently released the findings of their exhaustive study of the long-term financial impact of over 6,700 cyclones. They found that these disasters inflicted financial damages that lasted decades after the storms had passed, and that there was no silver lining when the final tallies were made. While it is certainly true that some well-placed industries or companies may benefit financially from storms, the overall effect for the economy at large remains negative.

The same study also projected that given the increasing frequency of severe storms, the world’s economy will most likely suffer extreme losses in the coming decades- losses so severe that the financial impact could dwarf the losses produced by banking crises, currency crises, or even civil wars. The Hsiang/Jina team concluded that efforts to control global warming must become a top priority — not only for environmental and health reasons, but because of the enormous impact to the economy of more frequent and more severe storms.

(Source: http://www.nber.org/papers/w20352)

Source:: FloodBarrierUSA